AUUC Welland News
Latest News
The Association of United Ukrainian Canadians (AUUC),
an organization that stands for peace, continues to condemn Russia's actions
Sept 21, 2023
Issued September 21, 2023
The Association of United Ukrainian Canadians (AUUC), an organization that stands for peace,
continues to condemn Russia's actions in regards to the invasion of Ukraine and the violation
of sovereign territory.
Furthermore, the AUUC opposes the use of force, including those of global powers
(the U.S., U.K., etc.) which promotes or escalates the violent conflict that has decimated
the peace-loving people of Ukraine.
The AUUC calls for an immediate end to aggression and war in Ukraine and calls on the
Canadian government to work for a meaningful and lasting peace in Ukraine. An immediate
de-escalation of war is not enough — there must be honest, sincere efforts to reach
lasting common ground to end and reverse the economic, emotional and physical damage.
Adopted by the National Committee of the Association of the United Ukrainian Canadians September 9, 2023
Read or download as a pdf
Issued September 21, 2023
The Association of United Ukrainian Canadians (AUUC), an organization that stands for peace, continues to condemn Russia's actions in regards to the invasion of Ukraine and the violation of sovereign territory.
Furthermore, the AUUC opposes the use of force, including those of global powers (the U.S., U.K., etc.) which promotes or escalates the violent conflict that has decimated the peace-loving people of Ukraine.
The AUUC calls for an immediate end to aggression and war in Ukraine and calls on the Canadian government to work for a meaningful and lasting peace in Ukraine. An immediate de-escalation of war is not enough — there must be honest, sincere efforts to reach lasting common ground to end and reverse the economic, emotional and physical damage.
Adopted by the National Committee of the Association of the United Ukrainian Canadians September 9, 2023
Read or download as a pdf
Statement of the AUUC on the war in Ukraine
Sept 21, 2023
Issued September 21, 2023
As the war between Ukraine and Russia increasingly turns into the extermination of each other's
peoples and economies, it's increasingly likely that the outcome will be the economic regression
of both countries. At the same time, this conflict has a global impact. The loss of fertilizers,
wheat, pork, and fuel threatens hunger in the most economically under-developed countries and
economic recession in developed countries.
Moreover, recent press reports and statements by high-ranking politicians and military officers
have shifted the public discourse away from the pursuit of an immediate ceasefire,
and towards moral preparation for an inevitable global conflict.
The AUUC is strongly convinced that Canada must make all possible efforts to help avoid
such an inhumane and disastrous outcome.
It is unlikely that either Ukraine or Russia will be able to get a decisive victory in
this war, which has already cost hundreds of thousands of lives. Therefore, both sides
must look for compromise. Given this, we call on the Government of Canada, through
the United Nations General Assembly, to take the initiative to seek a compromise that
is viable and acceptable to both sides.
Such a compromise can be achieved by the creation of another independent Ukrainian state
on the territories currently under Russian control. We call for the creation of a
demilitarized zone between the two Ukrainian countries to be operated and monitored
by UN Peacekeepers. Furthermore, we call for the removal of all foreign military
presence in both Ukrainian countries, and that both be subject to armament limitations
and inspections.
We believe this proposal can be acceptable to Russia because this new state would not be
under control of the current Ukrainian government and NATO's missiles
will not be installed there. It can also be acceptable to Ukraine because
the new territory will still be a Ukrainian country, and its freedom and independence
can be maintained.
Adopted by the National Committee of the Association of the United Ukrainian Canadians September 9, 2023
Read or download as a pdf
Issued September 21, 2023
As the war between Ukraine and Russia increasingly turns into the extermination of each other's peoples and economies, it's increasingly likely that the outcome will be the economic regression of both countries. At the same time, this conflict has a global impact. The loss of fertilizers, wheat, pork, and fuel threatens hunger in the most economically under-developed countries and economic recession in developed countries.
Moreover, recent press reports and statements by high-ranking politicians and military officers have shifted the public discourse away from the pursuit of an immediate ceasefire, and towards moral preparation for an inevitable global conflict.
The AUUC is strongly convinced that Canada must make all possible efforts to help avoid such an inhumane and disastrous outcome.
It is unlikely that either Ukraine or Russia will be able to get a decisive victory in this war, which has already cost hundreds of thousands of lives. Therefore, both sides must look for compromise. Given this, we call on the Government of Canada, through the United Nations General Assembly, to take the initiative to seek a compromise that is viable and acceptable to both sides.
Such a compromise can be achieved by the creation of another independent Ukrainian state on the territories currently under Russian control. We call for the creation of a demilitarized zone between the two Ukrainian countries to be operated and monitored by UN Peacekeepers. Furthermore, we call for the removal of all foreign military presence in both Ukrainian countries, and that both be subject to armament limitations and inspections.
We believe this proposal can be acceptable to Russia because this new state would not be under control of the current Ukrainian government and NATO's missiles will not be installed there. It can also be acceptable to Ukraine because the new territory will still be a Ukrainian country, and its freedom and independence can be maintained.
Adopted by the National Committee of the Association of the United Ukrainian Canadians September 9, 2023
Read or download as a pdf
Resolution concerning the war in Ukraine
(as amended at the National
Committee meeting of January 28 and 29, 2003)
January 28 and 29, 2023
Issued September 21, 2023
Resolution concerning the war in Ukraine (as amended at the National Committee meeting of
January 28 and 29, 2003)
Whereas the war in Ukraine which has been going on for over 6 months has killed thousands
of people and uprooted and displaced many more,
Whereas this war which has destroyed cities and cultural monuments, is exacerbating the
environmental (climate) crisis, is fueling a global energy and food crisis and has the
potential of precipitating a nuclear disaster,
Whereas the roots of this war in Ukraine today are complex and go back many
years and will not be settled militarily,
Be it resolved that to prevent further death and destruction in Ukraine, the AUUC calls
on the Canadian government to actively push for a comprehensive cease fire in the region
and a negotiated peace settlement between Ukraine and Russia,
Be it further resolved that Canada strives for disarmament in Europe and all over the world,
Be it further resolved that the AUUC calls on the Canadian government to:
a) call on NATO and its Western allies to cease its expansion in Europe
b) help secure the withdrawal of Russian troops from Ukraine
c) support Ukraine's commitment to international neutrality
(and a binding referendum on the future of the Donbas region}
d) commit to renewed diplomacy with Russia
Adopted by the National Committee of the Association of the United Ukrainian Canadians September 9, 2023
Read or download as a pdf
(as amended at the National Committee meeting of January 28 and 29, 2003)
Issued September 21, 2023
Resolution concerning the war in Ukraine (as amended at the National Committee meeting of January 28 and 29, 2003)
Whereas the war in Ukraine which has been going on for over 6 months has killed thousands of people and uprooted and displaced many more,
Whereas this war which has destroyed cities and cultural monuments, is exacerbating the environmental (climate) crisis, is fueling a global energy and food crisis and has the potential of precipitating a nuclear disaster,
Whereas the roots of this war in Ukraine today are complex and go back many years and will not be settled militarily,
Be it resolved that to prevent further death and destruction in Ukraine, the AUUC calls on the Canadian government to actively push for a comprehensive cease fire in the region and a negotiated peace settlement between Ukraine and Russia,
Be it further resolved that Canada strives for disarmament in Europe and all over the world,
Be it further resolved that the AUUC calls on the Canadian government to:
a) call on NATO and its Western allies to cease its expansion in Europe
b) help secure the withdrawal of Russian troops from Ukraine
c) support Ukraine's commitment to international neutrality (and a binding referendum on the future of the Donbas region}
d) commit to renewed diplomacy with Russia
Adopted by the National Committee of the Association of the United Ukrainian Canadians September 9, 2023
Read or download as a pdf
Statement of the Association of United Ukrainian Canadians
on the continuing escalation of the war in Ukraine and the prospect for peace
April 5, 2023
Issued September 21, 2023
Statement of the Association of United Ukrainian Canadians
on the continuing escalation of the war in Ukraine and the prospect for peace
April 5, 2023
The National Committee of the Association of United Ukrainian Canadians, at its meeting
of January 29, 2023, discussed the Russia - Ukraine war. It affirmed its position that
the urgent need is to de-escalate the conflict as the means to enable a ceasefire and peace
negotiations between Ukraine and Russia.
The National Committee deliberated on and passed the resolution of the Ottawa Branch of the
AUUC first presented to the AUUC National Convention in October 2022 and referred to the first
meeting of the National Committee for decision and action.
No matter how one characterizes the war, the imperative is to end it. More than twelve months of
conflict and the destruction and death it has caused speak to this necessity.
This is critical for the peace, security and for the future of Ukraine; and to end the dangers posed by
escalation to peace and security in Europe and the world.
To end the war is not the goal of all. Western nations, the ‘collective west’ as it is sometimes called,
and others, look to prolong the war for their own ends. Thus, April 2022 saw the collapse of peace
negotiations between Ukraine and Russia. The collapse of peace talks was welcomed by some who claim that
the war must proceed in order to create conditions for peace by defeating Russia on Ukrainian battlefields. More than one year of escalating war has proven this false.
The attainment of peace is no closer due the massive influx of military support to Ukraine.
The destruction of the war
The Russian – Ukraine war has brought massive destruction to the infrastructure of Ukraine and more
generally to its population in the cities, towns and countryside. The Ukraine economy has been
disrupted and severally damaged which further exacerbates the social and food security problems
for its people. The war has severely disrupted agricultural production in Ukraine. It is estimated
that agricultural production in grain and corn yields will drop 40% this year even if fighting were
to stop immediately. The industrial heartland of Ukraine has borne the brunt of the conflict.
The war has impacted the global economy through soaring prices for energy and food and a breakdown of
international bodies such as the G20.
What has the AUUC called for
Before the Russian invasion of February 24, 2022, the AUUC called for de-escalation and diplomacy
to reduce the military tensions that were rising between Ukraine and Russia as a result of the conflict
in east Ukraine. The AUUC’s position was that war could be averted
The tensions were primarily fueled by the civil war in the Donbas. Long simmering tensions between Russia
and the United States over security issues such as the expansion of NATO were a contributing factor.
Reducing tensions, settling the crisis in the Donbas would have been in the interest of Ukraine.
It would have provided Ukraine with immense international leverage against any continued Russian
threat of military action. It would have provided Ukraine with stability to pursue internal economic,
social and political reforms, not the least of which was Zelensky’s promise to end to corruption and
cronyism.
The position of the AUUC was not unique to it. In the period January/February 2022 the
call for de-escalation and diplomacy was heard around the world as tensions mounted.
Most significantly this was the desire of the people of Ukraine.
The tensions were primarily fueled by the civil war in the Donbas. Long simmering tensions between Russia
and the United States over security issues such as the expansion of NATO were a contributing factor.
Reducing tensions, settling the crisis in the Donbas would have been in the interest of Ukraine.
It would have provided Ukraine with immense international leverage against any continued Russian
threat of military action. It would have provided Ukraine with stability to pursue internal economic,
social and political reforms, not the least of which was Zelensky’s promise to end to corruption and
cronyism.
President Zelensky was elected on a platform of peace and stability in Ukraine with the promise to end
the civil war in the Donbas. However, he was opposed in this by political forces in Ukraine which
constituted themselves as the ‘Non Capitulation Movement’ and organized in the streets against settlement
of the civil war on the basis of the Minsk Agreements.
The call for diplomacy and conflict resolution took a back seat to calls for
confrontation and war. The Canadian government beat the drums for confrontation
with Russia using Ukraine as the proxy. Sections of the Ukrainian diaspora supported
this with vigor.
When wider war broke out on February 24 the AUUC called for ceasefire and negotiations to end
the war. The AUUC maintains this is the only the way to end the conflict on terms that will be a
cceptable to Ukraine.
The roots of the war
In Kyiv, in late 2013, mass protests began against the government headed by
Viktor Yanukovych. In February 2014, following violent clashes in Kyiv, the
government of President Yanukovych was replaced with an interim government.
The removal of Yanukovych caused a rupture in Ukraine society along political,
social, ethnic and regional lines and immediately triggered events that would
lead to internal war. The regions of Donetsk and Luhansk rejected the interim
government as representing a coup and “assumed responsibility for safeguarding
the constitutional order, legality, citizens’ rights, and their security on our
territories.” In Crimea, an autonomous republic with significant independence
recognized by the Ukraine constitution, a similar break with the central
government occurred.
The Ukraine army was dispatched to Donetsk and Luhansk in what was termed
an anti-terrorist operation. The civil war that followed was a profound
tragedy for Ukraine. It resulted in more than 14,000 dead and more than
1 million people displaced into other regions of Ukraine or to Russia.
There were shortages of food and destruction of civilian structures such as
homes, schools, hospitals, civic buildings and churches. There were many
reasons for that conflict and it is not the scope of this statement to
speak to those.
There was, however, a diplomatic solution to end the war in the Donbas and,
had it been realized, then the current war would have been averted. That solution
rested in the Minsk Agreements jointly signed by Ukraine and the representatives
of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions (Donbas). France, Germany and Russia were
the guarantors of the terms of the Minsk Agreements tasked with ensuring
the parties would act in good faith. The Minsk Agreements were supported
internationally and were officially adopted, unanimously, by the United
Nations Security Council.
https://press.un.org/en/2015/sc11785.doc.htm
Escalation of the War
The urgent requirement is for a ceasefire and negotiations not the false premise that more
war will bring peace.
Jens Stoltenberg, the head of North Atlantic Treaty Organization, speaking to the Conference
of the Norwegian Confederation of Enterprises on January 5, 2023 said: “Weapons are – in fact –
the way to peace”.
https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_210447.htm?selectedLocale=en#:~:text=NATO%20Secretary%20General%20Jens%20Stoltenberg,to%20peace%E2%80%9D%2C%20said%20Mr
This position of continuing and escalating the war is widespread amongst western countries. It is the foundation of Canada’s Ukraine policy at this time.
Canada and the majority of NATO countries have responded with over $60 billion in military assistance
to Ukraine. At over $1.5 billion in military assistance Canada is the fifth largest contributor – a
ranking that places it ahead of most European Union countries
https://www.statista.com/chart/27278/military-aid-to-ukraine-by-country/htm
https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/heres-everything-canada-has-sent-to-ukraine-since-russia-invaded
On the first anniversary of the February 24 invasion by Russia Canada increased its commitments
to military support as opposed to finding a path to negotiations and peace. The head of the
Ukrainian Canadian Congress endorsed the Canadian government’s position a move which is keeping
with the UCC’s position on the war in Ukraine and how to end it.
While the Canadian government, NATO, the U.S., the European Union and a section of the
Ukrainian community in Canada and internationally see continuation of the war as the
preferred option, it is one that is pursued on the backs of the Ukrainian people and the
future of Ukraine. The developing situation in Ukraine is reminiscent of the destruction
of Yugoslavia in a war that bears striking parallels to the conflict in Ukraine.
The prospect for peace
In the first weeks of the war Turkey spearheaded efforts to bring Ukraine and
Russia to a ceasefire and peace negotiations. In April 2022 it is now widely
acknowledged that peace negotiations between Russia and Ukraine were scuttled by
Western powers.
https://news.cgtn.com/news/2023-02-06/Israeli-ex-PM-says-the-West-interrupted-Russia-Ukraine-peace-talks-1hcUB6GDDXO/index.html
The failure to broker peace in April 2022 resulted in 11 months of war, and in
fact, escalating war. Each action by NATO countries to provide more military
support has been met with a response by Russia to expand its military action.
Each action and counter action has resulted in greater devastation for Ukraine and greater loss of life.
Now there are new initiatives internationally. On February 24, the one-year anniversary of the start of this
conflict, China issued a 12-point peace plan.
https://news.antiwar.com/2023/02/26/china-releases-12-point-peace-for-ukraine/
Brazil is also preparing a peace initiative.
https://efolket.eu/kosmopolitiskt/2-3-lula-moves-forward-with-his-ukraine-peace-proposal/htm
Canada, however, remains dismissive of actionable peace initiatives. Foreign Minister Joly
stated China’s initiative was not genuine and before peace negotiations can be considered
Ukraine must shape the battlefield suitable to its interests. It should be of great concern
to all Canadians that the Canadian government is not supportive of the peace process that is
developing internationally.
https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/canada-joly-support-ukraine-peace-talks-1.6760987
Adopted by the National Committee of the Association of the United Ukrainian Canadians September 9, 2023
Read or download as a pdf
Issued September 21, 2023
Statement of the Association of United Ukrainian Canadians on the continuing escalation of the war in Ukraine and the prospect for peace April 5, 2023
The National Committee of the Association of United Ukrainian Canadians, at its meeting of January 29, 2023, discussed the Russia - Ukraine war. It affirmed its position that the urgent need is to de-escalate the conflict as the means to enable a ceasefire and peace negotiations between Ukraine and Russia.
The National Committee deliberated on and passed the resolution of the Ottawa Branch of the AUUC first presented to the AUUC National Convention in October 2022 and referred to the first meeting of the National Committee for decision and action.
No matter how one characterizes the war, the imperative is to end it. More than twelve months of conflict and the destruction and death it has caused speak to this necessity.
This is critical for the peace, security and for the future of Ukraine; and to end the dangers posed by escalation to peace and security in Europe and the world.
To end the war is not the goal of all. Western nations, the ‘collective west’ as it is sometimes called, and others, look to prolong the war for their own ends. Thus, April 2022 saw the collapse of peace negotiations between Ukraine and Russia. The collapse of peace talks was welcomed by some who claim that the war must proceed in order to create conditions for peace by defeating Russia on Ukrainian battlefields. More than one year of escalating war has proven this false. The attainment of peace is no closer due the massive influx of military support to Ukraine.
The destruction of the war
The Russian – Ukraine war has brought massive destruction to the infrastructure of Ukraine and more generally to its population in the cities, towns and countryside. The Ukraine economy has been disrupted and severally damaged which further exacerbates the social and food security problems for its people. The war has severely disrupted agricultural production in Ukraine. It is estimated that agricultural production in grain and corn yields will drop 40% this year even if fighting were to stop immediately. The industrial heartland of Ukraine has borne the brunt of the conflict.
The war has impacted the global economy through soaring prices for energy and food and a breakdown of international bodies such as the G20.
What has the AUUC called for
Before the Russian invasion of February 24, 2022, the AUUC called for de-escalation and diplomacy to reduce the military tensions that were rising between Ukraine and Russia as a result of the conflict in east Ukraine. The AUUC’s position was that war could be averted
The tensions were primarily fueled by the civil war in the Donbas. Long simmering tensions between Russia and the United States over security issues such as the expansion of NATO were a contributing factor. Reducing tensions, settling the crisis in the Donbas would have been in the interest of Ukraine. It would have provided Ukraine with immense international leverage against any continued Russian threat of military action. It would have provided Ukraine with stability to pursue internal economic, social and political reforms, not the least of which was Zelensky’s promise to end to corruption and cronyism.
The position of the AUUC was not unique to it. In the period January/February 2022 the call for de-escalation and diplomacy was heard around the world as tensions mounted. Most significantly this was the desire of the people of Ukraine.
The tensions were primarily fueled by the civil war in the Donbas. Long simmering tensions between Russia and the United States over security issues such as the expansion of NATO were a contributing factor. Reducing tensions, settling the crisis in the Donbas would have been in the interest of Ukraine. It would have provided Ukraine with immense international leverage against any continued Russian threat of military action. It would have provided Ukraine with stability to pursue internal economic, social and political reforms, not the least of which was Zelensky’s promise to end to corruption and cronyism.
President Zelensky was elected on a platform of peace and stability in Ukraine with the promise to end the civil war in the Donbas. However, he was opposed in this by political forces in Ukraine which constituted themselves as the ‘Non Capitulation Movement’ and organized in the streets against settlement of the civil war on the basis of the Minsk Agreements.
The call for diplomacy and conflict resolution took a back seat to calls for confrontation and war. The Canadian government beat the drums for confrontation with Russia using Ukraine as the proxy. Sections of the Ukrainian diaspora supported this with vigor.
When wider war broke out on February 24 the AUUC called for ceasefire and negotiations to end the war. The AUUC maintains this is the only the way to end the conflict on terms that will be a cceptable to Ukraine.
The roots of the war
In Kyiv, in late 2013, mass protests began against the government headed by Viktor Yanukovych. In February 2014, following violent clashes in Kyiv, the government of President Yanukovych was replaced with an interim government. The removal of Yanukovych caused a rupture in Ukraine society along political, social, ethnic and regional lines and immediately triggered events that would lead to internal war. The regions of Donetsk and Luhansk rejected the interim government as representing a coup and “assumed responsibility for safeguarding the constitutional order, legality, citizens’ rights, and their security on our territories.” In Crimea, an autonomous republic with significant independence recognized by the Ukraine constitution, a similar break with the central government occurred.
The Ukraine army was dispatched to Donetsk and Luhansk in what was termed an anti-terrorist operation. The civil war that followed was a profound tragedy for Ukraine. It resulted in more than 14,000 dead and more than 1 million people displaced into other regions of Ukraine or to Russia. There were shortages of food and destruction of civilian structures such as homes, schools, hospitals, civic buildings and churches. There were many reasons for that conflict and it is not the scope of this statement to speak to those.
There was, however, a diplomatic solution to end the war in the Donbas and, had it been realized, then the current war would have been averted. That solution rested in the Minsk Agreements jointly signed by Ukraine and the representatives of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions (Donbas). France, Germany and Russia were the guarantors of the terms of the Minsk Agreements tasked with ensuring the parties would act in good faith. The Minsk Agreements were supported internationally and were officially adopted, unanimously, by the United Nations Security Council.
https://press.un.org/en/2015/sc11785.doc.htmEscalation of the War
The urgent requirement is for a ceasefire and negotiations not the false premise that more war will bring peace.
Jens Stoltenberg, the head of North Atlantic Treaty Organization, speaking to the Conference of the Norwegian Confederation of Enterprises on January 5, 2023 said: “Weapons are – in fact – the way to peace”.
https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_210447.htm?selectedLocale=en#:~:text=NATO%20Secretary%20General%20Jens%20Stoltenberg,to%20peace%E2%80%9D%2C%20said%20MrThis position of continuing and escalating the war is widespread amongst western countries. It is the foundation of Canada’s Ukraine policy at this time. Canada and the majority of NATO countries have responded with over $60 billion in military assistance to Ukraine. At over $1.5 billion in military assistance Canada is the fifth largest contributor – a ranking that places it ahead of most European Union countries
https://www.statista.com/chart/27278/military-aid-to-ukraine-by-country/htm https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/heres-everything-canada-has-sent-to-ukraine-since-russia-invadedOn the first anniversary of the February 24 invasion by Russia Canada increased its commitments to military support as opposed to finding a path to negotiations and peace. The head of the Ukrainian Canadian Congress endorsed the Canadian government’s position a move which is keeping with the UCC’s position on the war in Ukraine and how to end it.
While the Canadian government, NATO, the U.S., the European Union and a section of the Ukrainian community in Canada and internationally see continuation of the war as the preferred option, it is one that is pursued on the backs of the Ukrainian people and the future of Ukraine. The developing situation in Ukraine is reminiscent of the destruction of Yugoslavia in a war that bears striking parallels to the conflict in Ukraine.
The prospect for peace
In the first weeks of the war Turkey spearheaded efforts to bring Ukraine and Russia to a ceasefire and peace negotiations. In April 2022 it is now widely acknowledged that peace negotiations between Russia and Ukraine were scuttled by Western powers.
https://news.cgtn.com/news/2023-02-06/Israeli-ex-PM-says-the-West-interrupted-Russia-Ukraine-peace-talks-1hcUB6GDDXO/index.htmlThe failure to broker peace in April 2022 resulted in 11 months of war, and in fact, escalating war. Each action by NATO countries to provide more military support has been met with a response by Russia to expand its military action. Each action and counter action has resulted in greater devastation for Ukraine and greater loss of life.
Now there are new initiatives internationally. On February 24, the one-year anniversary of the start of this conflict, China issued a 12-point peace plan.
https://news.antiwar.com/2023/02/26/china-releases-12-point-peace-for-ukraine/Brazil is also preparing a peace initiative.
https://efolket.eu/kosmopolitiskt/2-3-lula-moves-forward-with-his-ukraine-peace-proposal/htmCanada, however, remains dismissive of actionable peace initiatives. Foreign Minister Joly stated China’s initiative was not genuine and before peace negotiations can be considered Ukraine must shape the battlefield suitable to its interests. It should be of great concern to all Canadians that the Canadian government is not supportive of the peace process that is developing internationally.
https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/canada-joly-support-ukraine-peace-talks-1.6760987Adopted by the National Committee of the Association of the United Ukrainian Canadians September 9, 2023
Read or download as a pdf